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Do Gasoline Prices Provide a Good Indicator?

If you spend enough time looking at charts, you can start seeing correlations anywhere.  The human mind generally wants to create patterns so that we can simplify what we are looking at.  Today I just want to look at two time series – average automobile gasoline prices and corporate high yield spreads.  The high yield spreads can actually be replaced with most “risk” assets such as equities, but I think the picture is cleaner when looking at high yield.  There are many reasons that gasoline prices might be a good predictor of market conditions.  Spikes could be due to: 1) robust economic growth and subsequent demand 2) easy monetary policy and printing of money which devalues the currency (thereby increasing nominal asset prices) 3) foreign affairs risk flare ups as we often see in the middle east or 3) high sensitivity to/from the US consumer

If we take a look at the two series, there is definitely a strong relationship:

White Line - High Yield Spreads, Orange Line: Average gas PricesRemember that when the white line goes up it is bad, when it goes down it is good (credit spreads/credit risk)

 

 

For about the last 10 years, when gasoline hit a peak price and then declined, we saw a subsequent sell off in the corporate high yield market.  There was not an immediate response from the market, but it certainly happened every time.  Likewise, when gasoline prices were rising it was usually a pretty risk-on environment.

You can see this correlation with the S&P 500 as well:

Gas prices are not a perfect indicator, but definitely a market factor to keep your eyes on.

 

Posted in Economics, Markets, Technical Analysis, Trading Ideas.

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Waiting for the Signal

In 2005 and 2006, CDO’s were being pushed like crack.  I remember asking many of the pushers why I would leverage into credit at historically tight spread levels.  Their stock answer: “Because you can get a AAA rating at a much higher yield!  This thing will never break because it has so much subordination!”  My follow up question: “how do you know the correlations that you are using are right?”

Now I definitely did not know how bad it could get, but I was smart enough to know that you cannot make a (good) apple pie with a bunch of rotten apples.

Fast forward to today: searching for investment income (yield) and capital relief (lower capital requirements/higher asset ratings).

Jump into the news from WSJ:

The consumer-lending joint venture of private-equity firm Fortress Investment Group  and insurer American International Group is planning a rare securitization of subprime personal loans as early as this week, in the latest test of risk appetite for asset-backed bonds, where soaring demand has pushed yields to record lows.

The $604 million issue from consumer lender Springleaf Financial, the former American General Finance, will bundle together about $662 million of loans secured by assets such as cars, boats, furniture and jewelry into ABS, according to a term sheet.

Are you kidding me?  Furniture?  Do I get a personal loan and show them a picture of my couch?  Do you think when I figure out that I won’t be able to pay back my personal loan that I might take my couch with me?  Are they going to hold the items in a massive pawn shop?

It gets better:

The 190,627 loans in the Springleaf deal have an average FICO credit score of 602, in line with many subprime auto ABS. But the average coupon of 25% on Springleaf’s personal loans is above that on even “deep subprime” auto loans, probably because there is no collateral for 10% of the issue, an analyst said.

The “A” rated slice of the debt may yield near 2.5%, or two percentage points over an interest-rate benchmark, according to price talk circulated to investors.

Holy s*#t.

With 190,627 loans, that implies that the average loan size is about $3,000.  How exactly do you think you will collect on any of those loans if there is a default?  Do you think it might cost more than that to even get one guy to pay it back?  Average FICO of 602?  If you know a bit about credit scores, you know how trustworthy this group has been in the past.  There is just 10% of subordination protecting this bond and for putting your head in the guillotine you get a sexy 2.5% interest rate every year…thats $2.50 for every $100 you put on the roulette table…

Unfortunately I think this is only the beginning.  This deal might not get done, but the next one probably will.  If the current environment (easy monetary policy and lack of devastating global events) persists then this debt fuelled euphoria will go further than you could possibly think.  I know that in ’05 and ’06 I was amazed, maybe this time will be even more awe (nausea) inducing.

Maybe it is time to look at some of the market signals that worked in 2007-2008 to see what we should be watching.

Posted in Markets, Politics.

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Noteworthy News – February 4, 2013

Economy:

Job Growth Steady, but Unemployment Rises to 7.9% – New York Times

The American Household Is Digging Out of Debt in the Worst Possible Way – Atlantic

What Is Middle Class in Manhattan? – New York Times

The Coming Recession: How Fiscal Responsibility is Economic Suicide – Forbes

Growth Stall Obscures U.S. Consumer, Business Gains: Economy – Bloomberg

The Nordic countries are reinventing their model of capitalism, says Adrian Wooldridge – Economist

Why Have Recoveries Been So Miserable the Past 20 Years? – Atlantic

Markets:

12 Charts That Will Make Gold Bulls Furious – Business Insider

As Music Streaming Grows, Royalties Slow to a Trickle – New York Times

Politics:

A Debt Ceiling Lesson from Europe – Reason.com

Government Spending in the Crisis – New York Times (Krugman)

Our Incredible Shrinking Government – New York Times (Krugman)

Banks:

JPMorgan: Don’t blame us for slow recovery – CNNMoney

 


Posted in Economics, Markets, Media, Politics.


How the Fed Built a $3 Trillion Balance Sheet

Video from Reuters on the explosion of monetary printing

 

Then a report from the Atlantic (O’Brien) saying that the Fed is not doing enough to spark inflation or has continued to create disinflationary environments.

Posted in Economics.

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Flattening of the VIX Futures Curve?

Despite a negative 4th quarter GDP print, the equity markets were rather muted during the day.  Apparently the market saw that the majority of the miss was due to military spending and a reduction in inventories, but the consumer was a bull!  (even though consumer confidence fell to the lowest level since the debt ceiling debates in mid 2011…)  Fourth quarter GDP of  -.1% actual versus a concensus of -1.1% seems like a pretty big miss regardless of the construction, but I will let the smarter folks sort that nonsense out.

The more interesting question is whether we are seeing a true breakout in the VIX and volatility in general.  Despite a rather muted downside response on the S&P 500 of about .5%, we saw a pretty significant jump in the front part of the VIX futures curve and in the VIX itself.  This is coming directly on the heels of making multi-year lows on 1 year ATM implied volatility at a measly 15.1%.

Significant parallel shift down since end of 2012, now a possibly breakout to the upside?

I really do not mind rising markets and euphoric price action.  I will even say that equities look incredibly cheap compared to bonds from a relative perspective.  What I never understand is when the market dismisses all possible future risks as if it just had a lobotomy.  If you analyze historic volatility across many different time periods going back as far as you can, you will find a big range in realized volatility, but you will also find that a lot of averages tend to rotate around 16%.  Maybe 16% is normal and a fair price for volatility over the long-term.

I could make an argument that modern financial instruments and players have made markets more volatile rather than less volatile, but I will stick to an economic environment driven approach.  Many moons ago (Dec 2009) I admitted my ignorance in forecasting levels of the market, but thought there was one thing that was nearly certain – more volatility rather than less volatility.  Large monetary and government intervention along with zero to low economic growth and a deflationary undertone creates market volatility.  The two markets that I can point to are the United States following the crash of the great depression and Japan following the burst of the great asset bubble:

Market volatility lulls always, but a consistently higher realized volatility level

Purchasing 1 year option volatility at a 15% level might be a losing trade over this next year, but given the backdrop I think it is reasonable to reassess whether normal volatility relates directly back to the 2005-2006 time period.  A lot of things have changed.

Volatility Trading (Wiley Trading)

In Volatility Trading, Sinclair offers you a quantitative model for measuring volatility in order to gain an edge in your everyday option trading endeavors. With an accessible, straightforward approach. He guides traders through the basics of option pricing, volatility measurement, hedging, money management, and trade evaluation. In addition, Sinclair explains the often-overlooked psychological aspects of trading, revealing both how behavioral psychology can create market conditions traders can take advantage of-and how it can lead them astray. Psychological biases, he asserts, are probably the drivers behind most sources of edge available to a volatility trader.

Your goal, Sinclair explains, must be clearly defined and easily expressed-if you cannot explain it in one sentence, you probably aren’t completely clear about what it is. The same applies to your statistical edge. If you do not know exactly what your edge is, you shouldn’t trade. He shows how, in addition to the numerical evaluation of a potential trade, you should be able to identify and evaluate the reason why implied volatility is priced where it is, that is, why an edge exists. This means it is also necessary to be on top of recent news stories, sector trends, and behavioral psychology. Finally, Sinclair underscores why trades need to be sized correctly, which means that each trade is evaluated according to its projected return and risk in the overall context of your goals.

As the author concludes, while we also need to pay attention to seemingly mundane things like having good execution software, a comfortable office, and getting enough sleep, it is knowledge that is the ultimate source of edge. So, all else being equal, the trader with the greater knowledge will be the more successful. This book, and its companion CD-ROM, will provide that knowledge. The CD-ROM includes spreadsheets designed to help you forecast volatility and evaluate trades together with simulation engines.In Volatility Trading, Sinclair offers you a quantitative model for measuring volatility in order to gain an edge in your everyday option trading endeavors. With an accessible, straightforward approach. He guides traders through the basics of option pricing, volatility measurement, hedging, money management, and trade evaluation. In addition, Sinclair explains the often-overlooked psychological aspects of trading, revealing both how behavioral psychology can create market conditions traders can take advantage of-and how it can lead them astray. Psychological biases, he asserts, are probably the drivers behind most sources of edge available to a volatility trader.

Your goal, Sinclair explains, must be clearly defined and easily expressed-if you cannot explain it in one sentence, you probably aren’t completely clear about what it is. The same applies to your statistical edge. If you do not know exactly what your edge is, you shouldn’t trade. He shows how, in addition to the numerical evaluation of a potential trade, you should be able to identify and evaluate the reason why implied volatility is priced where it is, that is, why an edge exists. This means it is also necessary to be on top of recent news stories, sector trends, and behavioral psychology. Finally, Sinclair underscores why trades need to be sized correctly, which means that each trade is evaluated according to its projected return and risk in the overall context of your goals.

As the author concludes, while we also need to pay attention to seemingly mundane things like having good execution software, a comfortable office, and getting enough sleep, it is knowledge that is the ultimate source of edge. So, all else being equal, the trader with the greater knowledge will be the more successful. This book, and its companion CD-ROM, will provide that knowledge. The CD-ROM includes spreadsheets designed to help you forecast volatility and evaluate trades together with simulation engines.

 

Posted in Economics, Markets, Trading Ideas.

Tagged with , , , , , , , .




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